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Z token holders stake directly on Z by delegating tokens to validators through the ZSPStake contract. Z stakers earn the largest share of consensus emissions.

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How It Works

  1. Choose a validator from the active validator set
  2. Delegate Z tokens to that validator through the ZSPStake contract
  3. Earn consensus rewards each round

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Dual Staking

Staking Z tokens alongside ZEC earns boosted rewards through [[Dual Staking]]. The protocol detects dual participation and applies a yield multiplier. ZEC holders who want to maximize their staking yield need Z tokens to qualify for the boosted rate. For the full detail, see Dual Staking.

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Liquid Staking (stZ)

stZ is the liquid staking token for the Z token.
  1. Deposit Z tokens into the stZ staking contract
  2. Receive stZ, which appreciates as consensus rewards accrue
The underlying Z tokens continue participating in Zcash Satoshi Plus (ZSP) consensus (Leg 3). stZ lets holders maintain full DeFi composability while their Z tokens contribute to network security and governance. What stZ unlocks: For the full liquid staking detail, see Liquid Staking.

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Governance

Z token holders participate in protocol governance: parameter changes, validator policy, and other protocol-level decisions. Staking weight determines governance influence.